Recent studies show that rising levels of ozone can inflict serious damage on crops. If the present situation continues then the global value of crop production will be set back by 10 to 12 percent 2100.
The ozone layer contains almost all the ozone gas that exists. The ozone in the ozone layer protects us from the sun’s UV rays, but the ozone at the ground level formed as a result of emissions from car exhaust etc is the one which harms vegetation. The pollutant forms when hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides mingle in the air and get cooked by sunlight.
The gas enters leaves through tiny openings called stomata. Environmental/biological factors such as irrigation and fertilization promote the stomatal openings and increases the risk of ozone injury to plants. When the plant’s stomata open up, and they suck in more air. The more air they suck in, the more ozone damage occurs. The effect of ozone on plants typically causes yellowing leaves, mottled markings or a bronzed appearance.
Previous studies also show how ozone causes deleterious effects on plant photosynthesis, as well as the rate of plant production, flowering and yield. While the processes are not well understood, ozone also can influence the incidence of pathogens and pests. In addition to its effect on plant shoots, ozone is known to hurt carbon flow to the root and, consequently, reduce root growth.
Via:Reuters
Image Credit:WSL
